Waiting for Justice Life in and After Remand

By Jamila Akweley Okertchiri

In 2002, Edward Coffie was arrested for car robbery. He was sent to the police headquarters in Accra for interrogation, after which he was taken to the law court for prosecution.

After the prosecution officer presented the case, the judge moved to adjourn, giving Coffie a warrant to stay in remand for two weeks.

Two weeks elapsed, but Coffie did not return to court. He ended up staying in prison for nine years without going to trial.

“The prison officers only told me the police will be coming for me, but they never did,” Coffie says.

A portrait of remand
The 2009 Ghana Prisons Service report showed that out of 39,454 prisoners across the country, 3,709 were on remand, with an average of about 4,000 in daily remand lock-up.

The report also indicated stealing as the most frequent offence, with nearly 4,000 cases, followed by ‘other’ offenses, with over 1,000 cases. Unlawful entry accounted for about 500 cases, and robbery comprised 450 cases.

Furthermore, the account revealed tuberculosis (TB) as the highest cause of death in the prisons, accounting for 30 per cent of deaths, followed by HIV/AIDS, comprising over 13 per cent.

Apart from the above challenges, these suspected criminals on remand may be kept in a separate area demarcated with barbed wires, as was the case in Nsawam, where Coffie was held.

They are not granted the liberty to engage in rehabilitation or reformation activities, and their living condition is nothing to write home about.
“I was not included in the things the real prisoners do,” says Solomon Attoh, who was also in remand at Nsawam for 8 years. He was released May 12th 2011. “I didn’t do anything. I just sat at one place.”

Coffie experienced similar segregation.
“I was not given either a prison attire or uniform,” he says. “The prison officers said I was not a convict, so the clothes I took to the prison was what I wore there.”

Isidore Tufuor, a lawyer and supervisor of the non-governmental Access to Justice programme, which helps remand prisoners access courts, says the problem is one that has bedeviled the prison service.

“A room originally built for about 20 people is now carrying two times the number, sometimes even more,” he says. “One of the things you see when you visit the remand prison is the prisoners degenerating physically, rashes all over, skin diseases. It’s a perennial thing.”

Alhassan Yahyah Seini is the director of Ghana’s Legal Aid Scheme.
“There is a certain discrimination against those who are presumed innocent in the prisons,” he says.

He attributes this to the refusal of prison officers to release remand prisoners when their warrant expires. Convicts, meanwhile, do not stay a day longer than the period given by the courts.

“But a remand prisoner will be kept even though his warrant has elapsed,” he continues. “When it comes to a remand person, he has to justify why he should be released, even though he has no warrant covering him.”

The cause of delay
Although the Constitution of the Republic of Ghana makes provision for arrested persons to have access to lawyers, remand prisoner are often denied this right.
“The people do not have access to lawyers, so quiet often they stay beyond what they should stay,” Seini states.

He further explains that the court has the mandate to convict as well as warrant a person into remand.

“With our crowded courts, if it gets late in the day without all the cases being called, the rest of the cases are left with out a date being fixed,” he says. “So the prosecutors carry their files and go, and that ends the matter.”
The court therefore loses the records, thereby giving no chance for that person to be brought back to court.

These are just a few of the flashpoints of a larger problem.
“It’s attributable to all the stakeholders,” says Tufuor, whose organization has discharged 400 remand prisoners since 2009.

“When it comes to arresting people, they are very swift, but conducting investigation and presenting the person before court for trial, the problem comes up. Test delays and vehicles are not available, so they cannot prosecute. So the person stays in remand.”

Furthermore, evidence is not sent to the attorney general’s department, so the state can’t decide whether or not to prosecute.

“You go to the judges, and they also cannot prosecute if the evidence has not come to the floor.”

In its quest to ensure members are law abiding, society shows public outburst if prison officers dare release somebody who the public thinks is a criminal and who the judge released because the prosecution is not ready.

The issue of legal aid
The Legal Aid Scheme is a body mandated by an act of parliament to provide free legal assistance to those who cannot afford the services of a lawyer.

The system caters for two categories of people: those who find themselves protecting the constitution, and those who need to protect their legal rights but are not capable of assessing legal assistance because of cost.

Legal assistance is therefore the right of every citizen of Ghana, yet its accessibility is a problem.

The scheme employs 14 lawyers nationwide. Both Accra and Kumasi have three. Ho, Sunyani and Tamale have two each. There’s one in both Koforidua and Cape Coast.
As a result of the activities of legal aid, a lot of lapsed warrant has been corrected, says Seini.

“Some who had to be released were released, either on bail or just discharged,” he adds. “The percentage of remand people has fallen form figures from the prisons.”
Albeit, the scheme director says the cases that are handled by the lawyers keep increasing significantly over the years.

“In 2008, 6,212 cases were handled by the legal aid scheme across the country; it has since seen an increase by 400 in 2009 and 1000 in 2010.”
As the number of cases increase, the burden on lawyers also raises, and this poses a challenge to the effectiveness of the scheme.

The government introduced the Justice For All programme to decongest the country’s prisons of the large numbers of remand prisoners.

According to a document from the attorney general’s department, in 2009 and 2010 special courts were held to consider the cases of prisoners with expired warrants.

“On 29 July and 1 August 2011, special courts again sat in Nsawan and dealt with 245 cases. Out of these, 71 were discharged, 75 granted bill, and nine convicted. The remaining 90 applications were refused / withdrawn or adjourned to a later date,” the document states.

Remaining Challenges

“It all depends on budget allocations,” says Tufour. “Funds, funds, all the time.”
He believes government priority plays a roll in the lack of equipment the police service needs for swift investigations.

“It takes minutes for somebody to be arrested at the airport with cocaine, but for the prisoner, it takes years. So it is all about priorities.”

The attorney general’s department of the Ministry of Justice is also not properly resourced.

Hans Emmanuel Adde, legal services coordinator of NGO Projects Abroad, thinks the attorney general’s department has become a transient quarters for lawyers.

“They are not being treated as professionals. So a single criminal case passes through half a dozen newly qualified solicitors before it appears on a court list.”
The Legal Aid Scheme also faces shortcomings in the discharge of it’s duties.

“The basic challenge is lack of lawyers,” says Seini. “We have over 1,000 people in prison without warrant and just a few lawyers.”

Government says it will pay legal aid lawyers 20 per cent of the Bar’s standard rate. But the money is not easy to come by. The non-payment of regular fees frustrates the lawyers, as some decide to do it gratis or abort the case altogether.

“We try to employ some lawyers, but certainly the conditions under which lawyers work as public servants is not the thing that many lawyers will want to take.”

The Department of Social Welfare, which oversees some of Ghana’s social security policies, like Livelihood Empowerment Against Poverty programme.

When ex-convicts come out from prison, there is no social security policy to help them start life afresh and fit back into the society.

“The social department is not working,” says Tufour. “If you are in prison, and you come out, you have to cope somehow. For those who cannot cope and have not got any friends or any family members, will have to survive through the committing of crimes.”

Attoh has no social support, so he has to earn a living by helping his aunt in her food business.

“My greatest problem now that I am out is a job,” he laments. “I don’t have a job. All I want is to wake up and have a place to go and work to earn some money.”
Although he is coping with the difficulties of a free world, he is tempted to go back into the activities that took him to remand.

“What I am going through now is very difficult and I think that if I don’t restrain myself and contain my hunger, I will go back to those activities that took me to Nsawan.”

The way forward

Seeing the need to fill in the gap and reintegrate these suspected criminals back into society, at least one non-governmental organizations has taken the mantle and started a school of restoration for ex-convicts.

These newcomers in the world they left for years are taken through teachings that will heal their wounded hearts and reconcile them back into society and with their families.

Fraser Ayee Alias Kawawa, an ex-convict released in 2009 after being in prison for robbery and terrorism since 1988, was initially on death row and ultimately pardoned and released. He was in prison when he heard a message that changed his life during a donation by Royal House Chapel.

The church after the visit decided to organize a school of restoration for ex-convicts, and Ayee was among the first batch of students.

“Rev. Sam Korankye Ankrah taught us about forgiveness, responsibility and how to reconcile with our society and family. He bought bicycles for us, the first 10 students, and also gave us GH¢10 from Monday to Friday and clothing in exchange for labor.”

Ayee, now a graduate from the school, has found inner peace and has readjusted back into his society, but others who do not have the same opportunity as Ayee will have to ‘survive’ somehow.

“All we want the government to do is to give us work to do,” Attoh pleads. “If we are given jobs, we will not have any problem and the country will be more peaceful.”

Tafi-Atome Hosts Tourism Day

By Jamila Akweley Okertchiri
THE TAFI-ATOME community in the Hohoe municipality of the Volta region will on September 27 mark World Tourism Day to commemorate the symbiotic relationship between tourism and culture. The day set aside by the United Nations World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), is aimed at highlighting ways by which tourism could be used as a vehicle to promote peaceful co-existence and mutual trust among people with diverse cultural/ethnic backgrounds and orientations. This year’s celebration is under the theme “Tourism: Linking Cultures.” Prince Boakye-Boateng, Director of Public Relations at the Tourism Ministry said in a statement that regional celebrations will be held nationwide with the national event taking place at the Tafi-Atome Monkey Sanctuary in the Hohoe municipality. Outlining highlights of the event, Boakye-Boateng said they “include a tour of tourist attraction sites with the Kpando/Hohoe circuit on Saturday, September 24. The celebration will be climaxed by a grand durbar at Tafi-Atome on Tuesday, September 27, 2011.” He added that a traditional Gastronomy (food fair), arts and crafts exhibition and cultural performance will also be held to showcase the unique cultural heritage of Ghana. Minister of Tourism, Akua Sena Dansua also in the statement called on corporate Ghana and individuals to support the event. “We invite Ghanaians, especially policy makers, stakeholders in the industry and potential investors to take time off their work schedules to take part in the celebration so as to appreciate the potential benefit of the sector and national economy.” She said the tourism sector contributed GH¢1.8 billion to the national economy, an equivalent of 6.2% of the Gross Domestic Product for the previous year, and if given the needed attention and capital injection, “tourism can become the number one and most sustainable foreign exchange earner for the country.”

AMA Extends Deadline • To Ban Truck Pushing

By Jamila Akweley Okertchiri THE ACCRA Metropolitan Assembly (AMA) has extended the deadline for banning push trucks in the metropolis from September 15 to September 30, 2011. The change in date comes as a result of a request made by executives of the Trucks Pushers and Truck and Scrap Dealers Associations to the AMA during a meeting in Accra. Lawyer Yaw Twumasi Ankrah, legal officer of the assembly, announcing the new date to the truck pushers, said even though the AMA has granted their request by extending the date, it would be the last. “We were going to enforce it from yesterday, but your executives came to us and pleaded for extension of time.” Lawyer Ankrah therefore noted that the enforcement date will start from 1st October, 2011. This he said was to reduce the reports of accidents caused by push trucks. He further announced the registration and issuance of number plates for the trucks. “The AMA will absorb the cost of the number plates but you will pay the business operating tax of GH¢1 per month,” lawyer Ankrah noted. Furthermore, he indicated that the truck pushers had till the end of September 2011 to finish registration as the assembly had so far registered 500 trucks. Reiterating the earlier plans of the AMA, Lawyer Ankrah said the trucks will be allowed to operate in markets areas but not on major streets and ceremonial roads. “Liberation Circle Roads, Nima High way, Oxford Street, Osu, Roman Ridge Round About, through Roman Catholic Cathedral, Trade Union Congress (TUC) to Old Parliament House are also included,” he said. The legal officer of the assembly observed that any truck pusher who fails to abide by the new rules will be cautioned and then fined if the offence is repeated.

Caption: Nii Armah Ashitey with the members of the Greater Accra House of Chiefs in a group photo.

Postal & Courier Services Membership Increase

By Jamila Akweley Okertchiri THE GHANA Post and Private Courier operators recorded an increase in their membership with the registration of seven new private courier firms. The Postal & Courier Services Regulatory Commission, which made this known, said the registration of the new members brings to 70 the number of registered postal & courier firms in the country. Osabarima Ansah Sasraku III, chairman of the board of commissioners, disclosed this at the 4th annual stakeholders’ forum held for postal & courier operators under the theme: “Empowering the Postal & Courier Operator for Efficient Service Delivery” in Accra. In his remarks, the chairman said the increase in the number of registered operators was as a result of vigorous exercise by the commission to ensure that illegal operators were weeded out. Osabarima Ansah Sasraku III outlining the progress of the commission said a new brochure on the processes of acquiring operating licence by prospective postal and courier firms will soon be made available to operators. He also stated that the commission was in the process of launching an aggressive public education and awareness programme. This is to ensure that the existence and functions of the commission were well known to business people. “That campaign will also be used to educate consumers about their rights and obligations.” The board chairman said once the postal system remained the only cost-effective and easily accessible means of communication particularly for people in rural areas, consumers demanded fast and efficient deliveries and therefore any failure on the part of operator could be detrimental to the interest of consumers. He, however, noted that the commission will impose stiffer sanctions against any person, individual or institution that operated a courier business in any country without licence. “We will continue to engage the police to clamp down all illegal operators as such activities do not only constitute punishable offence under the Act 649; they also deprive the state of substantial revenue.” Emmanuel Arthur, Public Relations & Customer Affairs Manager of the commission, said the commission, as part of its efforts towards efficient postal and courier regulation, will organise a consumers’ fora in a year to solicit views from customers. He said members of the service would from next year pay a fine of GH¢100 if they failed to renew their licences without any official notice to the commission. He added that the commission was therefore working assiduously with government to ensure that the country had a vibrant and efficient postal service.

Caption: The chairman of the board of commissioners in a group photograph

Actis, Laurus Break New Grounds

By Jamila Akweley Okertchiri Actis, a private equity firm, in conjunction with Boston Investment and Laurus Development Partners, has taken the first step in the Ghanaian real estate industry by breaking the ground for the construction of ‘One Airport Square,’ project in Accra. The project, designed by award winning Italian Architect Mario Cucinella, is destined to become the number one corporate and most environmentally friendly complex in the country. The complex, located in Accra’s growing commercial district at the airport city, will comprise nine floors of office space and 2,000 square meters of retail including European-style cafes, shops and bars, serving as a social gathering point for social residents, office workers and visitors.

David Morley, Head of Real Estate at Actis, said the building has specifications such as natural ventilation via the central atrium, rain water recycling and concrete overhangs which prevent over- heating and lower energy consumption. “The floors are raised, parking is ample, floor plates are large and flexible, health and safety is of an international standard,” Morley said. He also stated that the building when completed will enable Ghanaians to work and relax in the heart of the city. Carlo Matta, Chief Executive Officer (CEO) at Laurus, said the building’s unique look was inspired by Ghanaian traditional patterns. He observed that the during the construction, the project will employ over 150 Ghanaian construction workers, adding that it will source more than 40 percent of all materials locally in order to help stimulate the regional economy. Matta also indicated that One Airport Square is a great example of how mixing Ghanaian expertise and international best practices can achieve outstanding results. “We hope this project will set a new standard in the country’s real estate industry.” The building, estimated to cost between $55 and $60 million, is expected to be completed in May 2013.

“Every day, some children die here.”

Inside the Korle Bu children’s Ward Story by Jamila Akweley Okertchiri

Georgina Afum sits confused and helpless as she wipes saliva from her five-year-old son, Gideon Sam, who lies helpless on one of the few beds in the children’s emergency ward of the Korle Bu children’s hospital. His body trembles uncontrollably every few minutes and stops only after discharging saliva from his mouth. Even though the nurses had given him medication, his condition remains unchanged, as he has the seizure every few minutes. “Three days ago his body temperature rose, so I bath him and gave him Para,” she says. “The following day, at about 12 noon, his temperature rose again, so I bath him and gave him Para. He ate and went out to play. But about seven o’clock in the evening, he had convulsion.” She took him to a clinic, was given medication, and then took him home again. But the convulsions persisted. She took him back to the clinic and was referred to Korle Bu, which is a tertiary facility, part of Ghana’s three-tier hospital structure. “The convulsion is now coming continuously,” she says, “and I don’t know what to do.” She says she has National Health Insurance (NHIS), but has not renewed it and will have to pay the hospital. Sickness And Poverty According to Professor Bamenla Goka, Head of Department of Child Health at Korle Bu, sicknesses are common in people with poor backgrounds because of their living conditions. She says poor people are more vulnerable to infections that can damage the organs in the body, like the heart and kidneys. Complicating the picture is the high cost of health care for people without NHIS. They will often try a number of home remedies before taking their child to hospital. “Many of the illnesses we see are related to poverty in one way or the other,” Prof. Goka says, “and because their parents do not have the financial means, they tend to wait and try alternate forms of care because they are afraid of the hospital bills. And when those alternate forms don’t work, then they try to come to the hospital.”

Theresa Mensah is the mother of eight-year-old Christopher Mensah, who is suffering from an unknown ailment. His face is puffy and swollen. “He came home one day from school and I saw that he had rashes on his skin,” his mother says. “So I gave him a painkiller.” She waited two days, and the swelling continued. She took him to a doctor at Boadua, in Asamankese area, and they were transferred to Kade to see another doctor. According to Theresa, who is a farmer from Asamankese, they stayed for three months at the hospital at Kade before they were referred to Korle Bu. “The doctor said the ailment has reached a critical stage,” she says, “and they needed to conduct a test, which the hospital doesn’t have the machine for.” Prof. Goka expressed worry over the amount of time it takes guardians and parents to bring their children to the hospital. She said a lot of children are brought in almost dead because their guardians do not realize how seriously ill they are. “Every day, some children die here,” she says. “Over 80 per cent of the children who die here die within 24 hours of getting here. This we call, ‘brought-in-dead-people.’”

Dr. Afisah Zakariah is the head of the Policy Planning, Monitoring and Evaluation Directorate of the Ministry of Health. She seems surprised at Prof. Goka’s claim. “This is sad,” she says. “Maybe what we have to do is audit child death so that we actually see what is going on. It is good this has come up if every day we lose a child then we have to sit up.” Dr. Zakariah says there are many policies in place to ensure the health security of children, whether rich or poor. “We give the pregnant women tetanus vaccination because some deliver at home or with a traditional birth assistant,” she says. “So we try to protect them against tetanus, including their babies. And when the children are born, we give the children nine antigens by the time they attain one year.” Those antigens include diphtheria, TB vaccine, polio vaccine, hepatitis B, yellow fever, and measles. She said the ministry plans to introduce vaccines for rotavirus and pneumonia next year. These, she stressed, are free. “The other thing we are struggling with now is malaria,” she adds. “It is endemic here, and we are trying multiple approaches to solve the situation.” She said the ministry promotes insecticide-treated bed nets and combination therapy. They also use an indoor spray that kills mosquito larvae. However, recently studies suggest that treated bed nets are not potent to tame thae mosquitoes. General Challenges In Child Health Although Dr. Zakariah says NHIS covers all of Ghana’s poor people, some residents go without, as did Georgina Afum, who forgot to renew it. Prof. Goka says such situations are common, and parents therefore have to pay for medical treatment. Even for those who have health insurance, services such as MRI scans are not covered. “Now, health care is not free,” says Prof. Goka. “If you don’t pay for the health care yourself, then somebody else is paying for it, either the government or some form of insurance will be paying for it.” Prof. Goka notes that even for those who are paying cash and carry, the fees are highly subsidized. “So the health institutions are not really run on fees that are charged to patients, because they are really far below what is required to provide the direct care that the patient needs and at the same time buy equipment and all that to use for the patients.” According to Prof. Goka, this makes it difficult for individual facilities like Korle-Bu to generate their own revenue through service delivery. She says the hospital endures a shortage of equipment. Sometimes, only one piece of equipment is available throughout the whole hospital, and it will break down a lot because it is overused. She also says patients are occasionally sent outside Korle Bu for tests, which drive costs up further. But Dr. Zakariah says Korle-Bu is just one of many agencies in the Ministry of Health. It has its own chief executive officer, its own financial means, and its own priorities. They manage their resources themselves,” she says. “So they can choose to buy equipment if they want. It depends on the area they want to invest in. We don’t take the money from them. They pay directly. When they take care of the patients, all they do is submit claims to national health insurance authority, which is also an agency under the Ministry of Health, and then they will reimburse them the money.” Dr. Zakariah also says a needs assessment was done with Ghanaian hospitals last year, including Korle-Bu. The assessment has so far produced equipment for hospitals in seven regions, though not yet Greater Accra Region. That, says the Ministry of Health, will come next year. “We definitely cannot do that with cash and carry and NHIS fees that are paid to us,” says Prof. Goka. “So for us to take care of children there has to be additional money for us to take care of the infrastructure and equipment. For example, right now our emergency room is in a very bad state. We know the government is aware of this. But we’ve been waiting for years, and we want a change now.” The Korle Bu Children’s Emergency Unit The emergency unit, which acts as a resuscitation point for every child brought in, is small, dark with very few beds and packed with patients and their parents. “We have lots of problems here,” says a senior nurse who wants to remain anonymous. “When there are emergencies, all hands are on deck. Bring plaster, cotton. You are turning here and there. At the end of the day, when you sit down, you then start feeling pains all over your body. “Sometime when I remove this shoe,” she elaborates, “I cannot even walk home; I just try to take one step at a time like a baby crawling because I have been running too much. When I manage to get home, I can’t sleep. I don’t know why I can’t sleep. I just feel like sleeping but I can’t sleep.” She complains about the way parents treat nurses, saying they don’t understand what goes into health care and they too often complicate the situation by avoiding hospitals. “We are few in this place but we work hard. The parents of the children do not appreciate our work. The public should know that when their child is sick, they should come to the right place.” Despite that aversion, the emergency room is often packed with patients. There can be several to a bed, says the nurse, a reflection of the whole children’s ward, which has 250 beds and runs, according to Prof. Goka, at 120 per cent capacity. “This place is very hectic,” the senior nurse says. “The beds are very few. We need new beds and the place must be expanded. Sometimes, when it comes to epidemic like cholera, we are forced to pile as many as six, sometimes eight, children on two beds because we make sure every child that is brought here gets the first resuscitation treatment before they are sent to the wards.” Whether or not Korle-Bu sets its own priorities, Dr. Zakariah agrees with Prof. Goka on the state of the emergency unit. “The emergency ward is small and crowded,” she says. According to the senior nurse, morale in the emergency unit is ‘zero.’ She goes on at length about the delay of her Single Spine Salary (SSS) transfer, a complaint that Dr. Zakariah says nearly brings tears to her eyes. “We all want higher salaries, but at times we should do a little bit of analysis,” she says, asserting that 95 per cent of the country’s health budget goes to salaries. “Maybe they don’t know the amount that is paid for salaries, but objectively they know that what they take home at the end of the year is much better than what the civil servants take home.” It’s entirely possible, says Dr. Zakariah, that nurses will see their salaries cut when the SSS policy takes effect. Government’s Role The Convention on the Rights of the Child, of which Ghana is a signatory, has a provision guaranteeing health care for children. Children’s health also figures prominently in the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, which Ghana has also signed. Finally, chapter 34 (2) of the Constitution also guarantees the right to good health care. “Children’s health should be given priority,” says Prof. Goka. “It should not all be lumped together with adult problems.” She says if the country has healthy children then actually, “we will have healthy adults and we will spend less on covering adult issues.” She notes that many of the diseases such as, hypertension and diabetes can be traced back to childhood ailments that were not fully treated. “Paying attention to people’s education, housing, food availability, and environmental sanitation will all help to keep people healthy and reduce the need for curative services,” she adds. Dr. Zakariah says the Ministry of Health is very active in Ghana, and that all of its agencies work hard. She takes pride in the country’s battle against guinea worm, which the vice president recently called a categorical success. Even though recent indicates that guinea worms eradication was far from over in the country. She also underscores the country’s success in the fight against HIV/AIDS, saying the prevalence rate is now 1.5 per cent, down from 2.9 in recent years. As for covering MRI scans and similar procedures, she says the NHIS is a creature of tax revenue. “We started by covering almost 95 per cent of the diseases we have,” she says, “and so the load on the insurance is quite heavy, and the majority of the people are in the exempt category: Children below eight years of age, those above 70 years, the very poor in society, pregnant women.” Prof. Goka agrees that NHIS is a powerful tool in the country’s health care system. It should only be improved, she says, never scrapped. “And with that,” she says, “we note that effort has been made to make access for children under the age of 5 easier under the National Health Insurance, and they are the children who are most at risk.” She wants to see children 12 years and under receive the same status. She would also like to see the scope of services covered widened. “We think the that government should subsidize the care of the children in another way, form another source, so that we can actually have the equipment and all that we need to work with,” she says. Dr. Zakariah says the government has a series of programs in place to attract donations and partnerships with third parties, like corporations and NGOs. “That is one of our core mandates,” she says. “Resource mobilization, planning, monitoring and evaluation. And we budget for that. “So we have the government side and the non-government side. We have development partners and other individuals donating things to the health sector of Ghana.”